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@ARTICLE{KotarVOBCP06,
	author	    = {Kotar, J. and Vilfan, M. and Osterman, N. and Babic,
	  D. and Copic, M. and Poberaj, I.},
	title	    = {Interparticle potential and drag coefficient in
	  nematic colloids},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
	year	    = {2006},
	volume	    = {96},
	pages	    = {207801},
	abstract    = {Magneto-optic tweezers were used for measurements of
	  liquid-crystal-mediated forces between spherical beads with
	  tangential anchoring in thin nematic samples. Repulsive force,
	  which results from the quadrupolar symmetry of defects around the
	  immersed beads, decreases proportionally to 1/x(6), with x being
	  the bead separation. The velocity with which the particles are
	  pushed apart also follows the same separation dependence. We thus
	  find the effective drag coefficient gamma(eff) independent of x for
	  surface-to-surface distances as small as 10\% of the bead diameter.
	  C1 Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Jozef
	  Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{KotarBVCP06,
	author	    = {Kotar, J. and Babic, D. and Vilfan, M. and Copic, M.
	  and Poberaj, I.},
	title	    = {Magneto-optic tweezers studies of interactions in
	  liquid crystal colloids},
	journal     = {Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst.},
	year	    = {2006},
	volume	    = {450},
	pages	    = {297-304},
	abstract    = {Magneto-optical tweezers have been constructed and
	  used for studying interactions between colloids in nematic liquid
	  crystals. We used super-paramagnetic beads which induced planar
	  anchoring at the surface and were suitable for optical trapping as
	  well as manipulation by external magnetic field. Depending on the
	  thickness of the sample, attractive or repulsive forces between two
	  immersed spheres were observed: repulsive for sample thickness
	  comparable to the bead size, and attractive in thick samples. This
	  behaviour corresponds to quadrupolar interaction between two beads.
	  C1 Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Fac Math \& Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana,
	  Slovenia. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{SebastiaoSRVLSZ05,
	author	    = {Sebastiao, P. J. and Sousa, D. and Ribeiro, A. C. and
	  Vilfan, M. and Lahajnar, G. and Seliger, J. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Field-cycling NMR relaxometry of a liquid crystal
	  above T-NI in mesoscopic confinement},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2005},
	volume	    = {72},
	pages	    = {061702},
	abstract    = {We measured the proton spin-lattice relaxation times
	  in the isotropic phase of liquid crystal
	  4(')-n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) confined into porous glass
	  (CPG) with the average pore diameter similar to 72 nm. The analysis
	  of T-1(-1) frequency dispersions, spanning over four decades, shows
	  that the main relaxation mechanism induced by the ordered surface
	  layer are molecular reorientations mediated by translational
	  displacements (RMTD). The RMTD contribution to T-1(-1) is
	  proportional to the inverse square root of Larmor frequency, a
	  consequence of the equipartition of diffusion modes along the
	  surface. Low and high frequency cutoffs of the RMTD mechanism
	  clearly reveal that the surface alignment of liquid crystal is
	  random planar with the size of uniformly oriented patches similar
	  to 5 nm, depending on the treatment of the CPG matrix. According to
	  the size of the uniformly oriented patches varies also the
	  thickness of the ordered surface layer and its temperature
	  behavior. The surface-induced order parameter is found to be
	  temperature independent and determined by the local short range
	  surface interactions.
	  C1 Ctr Fis Mat Condensada, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. Univ Tecn
	  Lisbon, Dept Phys, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. Univ Tecn Lisbon,
	  IST SMEEP, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000
	  Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{ClemenVJZBR05,
	author	    = {Clemen, A. E. M. and Vilfan, M. and Jaud, J. and
	  Zhang, J. S. and Barmann, M. and Rief, M.},
	title	    = {Force-dependent stepping kinetics of myosin-V},
	journal     = {Biophys. J.},
	year	    = {2005},
	volume	    = {88},
	pages	    = {4402-4410},
	abstract    = {Myosin-V is a processive two-headed actin-based motor
	  protein involved in many intracellular transport processes. A key
	  question for understanding myosin-V function and the communication
	  between its two heads is its behavior under load. Since in vivo
	  myosin-V colocalizes with other much stronger motors like kinesins,
	  its behavior under superstall forces is especially relevant. We
	  used optical tweezers with a long-range force feedback to study
	  myosin-V motion under controlled external forward and backward
	  loads over its full run length. We find the mean step size remains
	  constant at similar to 36 nm over a wide range of forces from 5 pN
	  forward to 1.5 pN backward load. We also find two force-dependent
	  transitions in the chemomechanical cycle. The slower ADP-release is
	  rate limiting at low loads and depends only weakly on force. The
	  faster rate depends more strongly on force. The stronger force
	  dependence suggests this rate represents the diffusive search of
	  the leading head for its binding site. In contrast to kinesin
	  motors, myosin-V's run length is essentially independent of force
	  between 5 pN of forward to 1.5 pN of backward load. At superstall
	  forces of 5 pN, we observe continuous backward stepping of
	  myosin-V, indicating that a force-driven reversal of the power
	  stroke is possible. C1 Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E22, D-85747
	  Garching, Germany. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{ClemenJVZBR05,
	author	    = {Clemen, A. E. M. and Jaud, J. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Zhang, J. S. and Barmann, M. and Rief, M.},
	title	    = {Force dependent stepping kinetics of myosin-V},
	journal     = {Biophys. J.},
	year	    = {2005},
	volume	    = {88},
	pages	    = {645A-645A},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{JinZLVZF05,
	author	    = {Jin, T. and Zalar, B. and Lebar, A. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Zumer, S. and Finotello, D.},
	title	    = {Anchoring and structural transitions as a function of
	  molecular length in confined liquid crystals},
	journal     = {Eur. Phys. J. E},
	year	    = {2005},
	volume	    = {16},
	pages	    = {159-165},
	abstract    = {Using deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance to study
	  liquid crystals confined to cylindrical pores, an anchoring
	  transition has been found. The transition exhibits an unexpected
	  sharp dependence of the anchoring strength on cyanobiphenyl liquid
	  crystal molecular length. A structural transition from a parallel
	  axial to a planar radial configuration occurs due to an anchoring
	  transition from planar to weakly homeotropic orientation at the
	  walls. The anchoring strength is at a minimum near the
	  decylcyanobiphenyl (10CB) liquid crystal length. Long chain liquid
	  crystal configurations depend on thermal cycling and on the
	  equilibrium atmosphere leading to a bistable SmA structure.
	  Orientational order wetting in the isotropic phase also depends on
	  molecular length. C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242
	  USA.
	  Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{WachowiczJV04,
	author	    = {Wachowicz, M. and Jurga, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Collective and local molecular dynamics in the
	  lyotropic mesophases of decylammonium chloride: H-1 and H-2 NMR
	  study},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2004},
	volume	    = {70},
	pages	    = {031701},
	abstract    = {The collective and individual dynamics of
	  decylammonium chloride (DACl) molecules in water environment were
	  investigated as a function of surfactant concentration and
	  temperature. In the presence of water the DACl forms a variety of
	  self-assembled structures, ranging from isotropic micellar systems
	  to lyotropic liquid crystalline phases of hexagonal, nematic, and
	  lamellar types. In order to characterize the complex molecular
	  dynamics that occur in the DACl-water system, we applied H-1 and
	  H-2 NMR techniques that cover the whole frequency range between 1
	  kHz and 30 MHz. The slow molecular dynamics were studied by H-1 NMR
	  fast-field-cycling T-1 measurements and pulse-frequency dependence
	  of H-2 NMR transverse relaxation time, performed by means of the
	  Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence. We detected a well-expressed
	  contribution of order director fluctuations, i.e., layer
	  undulations, with characteristic omega(L)(-1) frequency dependence
	  of T-1(-1) in the lamellar phase. Its presence indicates a
	  relatively weak impact of interactions between neighboring DACl
	  layers. The frequency dependence of proton T-1(-1) in the hexagonal
	  phase exhibits a different type of frequency dispersion,
	  T(1)(-1)similar toomega(L)(-1.32). The increase in the exponent is
	  explained with the quasi-one-dimensional character of fluctuations
	  in elongated cylinders. Further, the T-1 and T-2 relaxation times
	  of deuterons selectively attached to the C2 and C7 segments of the
	  hydrocarbon chains of DACl were measured at a Larmor frequency of
	  30.7 MHz, providing quantitative information about local molecular
	  dynamics.
	  C1 Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland.
	  Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanV04,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Vuk, M.},
	title	    = {Nuclear spin relaxation of mesogenic fluids in
	  spherical microcavities},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {2004},
	volume	    = {120},
	pages	    = {8638-8644},
	abstract    = {We discuss the nuclear spin relaxation resulting from
	  molecular translational diffusion of a liquid crystal in the
	  isotropic phase confined to spherical microcavities. The relaxation
	  is induced by the time modulation of spin interactions as molecules
	  diffuse between the ordered surface layer into the isotropic
	  interior volume and back. The calculated spin-lattice relaxation
	  rate T-i(-1) shows three distinct dispersion regimes: a plateau at
	  the lowest frequencies, practically independent of the size of the
	  cavity, an intermediate power-law dispersion regime with an
	  exponent between -0.7 and -1, depending on the spatial profile of
	  the order parameter and cavity radius, and at frequencies above 1
	  MHz a strong dispersion tending toward the quadratic dependence of
	  the relaxation rate on the Larmor frequency in the high-frequency
	  limit. The pretransitional increase in T-1(-1) depends drastically
	  on the Larmor frequency. The frequency and temperature dependences
	  of T-1(-1) yield not only information on the magnitude of the
	  surface order parameter, but also on its spatial profile, revealing
	  the type of liquid-crystal substrate interactions. Apart from
	  thermotropic liquid crystals in the isotropic phase, this analysis
	  can be also applied to other fluids in porous media. (C) 2004
	  American Institute of Physics.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Fac Comp \& Informat Sci, SI-1000 Ljubljana,
	  Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{AnoardoGVK04,
	author	    = {Anoardo, E. and Grinberg, F. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Kimmich, R.},
	title	    = {Proton spin-lattice relaxation in a liquid
	  crystal-Aerosil complex above the bulk isotropization temperature},
	journal     = {Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {2004},
	volume	    = {297},
	pages	    = {99-110},
	abstract    = {We present a study of the molecular dynamics in an
	  octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB)-Aerosil complex above the bulk
	  isotropization temperature. Using proton nuclear magnetic
	  relaxation experiments in the laboratory frame (T-1(-1)) and in the
	  rotating-frame (T-1rho(-1)), we found a notable increase of the
	  relaxation rates in the kHz frequency range as compared to the bulk
	  8CB liquid crystal at the same temperature. The field-cycling
	  technique was used for the laboratory frame experiments while a
	  conventional apparatus was used for the rotating frame method. The
	  observed behavior is analyzed with the aid of Monte Carlo
	  simulations on the basis of a two-phase fast-exchange model
	  distinguishing surface-ordered and bulk phases. Two processes
	  affecting the low frequency relaxation could be identified:
	  reorientation mediated by translational displacements, accounting
	  for molecular reorientations, and exchange losses of molecules from
	  the surface to the bulk. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights
	  reserved. C1 Univ Ulm, Sekt Kernresonanzspektroskopie, D-89069 Ulm,
	  Germany. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanC03,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Copic, M.},
	title	    = {Azimuthal and zenithal anchoring of nematic liquid
	  crystals},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2003},
	volume	    = {68},
	pages	    = {031704},
	abstract    = {Temperature dependence of azimuthal and zenithal
	  anchoring energy coefficients of the nematic liquid crystal
	  4-n-pentyl-4(')-cyanobiphenyl on rubbed nylon is measured using
	  dynamic light scattering. The method is based on observations of
	  director fluctuations in a planarly aligned wedge cell, where the
	  anchoring energy coefficients can be obtained without any external
	  torques acting on the liquid crystal during the measurement. We
	  found that both anchoring coefficients decrease steadily on
	  approaching the nematic-isotropic transition. Moreover, in the
	  whole temperature range of the nematic phase, the ratio between the
	  zenithal and the azimuthal anchoring coefficients is almost equal
	  to the ratio between the splay and the twist Frank elastic
	  constants. The same result is obtained also for the nematic phase
	  of 4-n-octyl-4(')-cyanobiphenyl. This indicates that the aligning
	  nylon layer directly affects only the monomolecular layer at the
	  surface whereas the observed anchoring is governed by the elastic
	  properties of the alkyl-cyanobiphenyl.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{AlthoffFKFMVVSS03,
	author	    = {Althoff, G. and Frezzato, D. and Kothe, G. and
	  Frezzato, D. and Moro, G. J. and Vilfan, M. and Vilfan, I. and
	  Stauch, O. and Schubert, R.},
	title	    = {Transverse nuclear spin relaxation induced by shape
	  fluctuations in membrane vesicles. Theory and experiments},
	journal     = {Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst.},
	year	    = {2003},
	volume	    = {394},
	pages	    = {93-106},
	abstract    = {Transverse nuclear spin relaxation measurements,
	  employing the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequence, represent
	  a powerful tool to stud), the dynamics of director fluctuations in
	  liquid crystalline mesophases. Generally, however, the analysis of
	  these experiments requires a slow-motional theory based on the
	  stochastic Liouville equation. In this paper, such an approach is
	  applied to stud), the shape fluctuations of
	  dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine membrane vesicles with controlled
	  size. Analysis of the transverse nuclear spin relaxation rates,
	  measured as a function of the pulse frequency in the CPMG sequence,
	  provides values for the bending rigidity, kappa, and the lateral
	  tension, sigma, of the membrane vesicles. The results are of major
	  importance in the understanding of the biological membrane
	  function.
	  C1 Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Univ
	  Padua, Dept Phys Chem, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
	  Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
	  Univ Freiburg, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.}
}

@ARTICLE{MerteljVCC03,
	author	    = {Mertelj, A. and Vilfan, M. and Copic, M. and Copic,
	  M.},
	title	    = {Thermal fluctuations of disclination lines in a thin
	  nematic film},
	journal     = {Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst.},
	year	    = {2003},
	volume	    = {395},
	pages	    = {311-316},
	abstract    = {Polarisation microscopy and dynamic light scattering
	  were used to study the dynamical behaviour of disclination lines in
	  a thin nematic film of 5CB. Our experiments show that the lines
	  exhibit thermally excited diffusive motion with the ends of
	  disclination lines being pinned to the surface. In the dynamic
	  light scattering experiments a process with a broad distribution of
	  relaxation times was' observed, which was due to the diffusion of
	  the disclination lilies with different lengths and orientations.
	  Palarisation microscopy was used to follow the time dependence of
	  the displacement of a single disclination line, which enabled the
	  measurements of the diffusion coefficient and the line tension of
	  the disclination lilies in the samples.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanLZZ03,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Lahajnar, G. and Zupancic, I. and
	  Zalar, B.},
	title	    = {Low-frequency proton NMR relaxometry of a polymer
	  dispersed liquid crystal above T-NI},
	journal     = {Magn. Reson. Imaging},
	year	    = {2003},
	volume	    = {21},
	pages	    = {169-175},
	abstract    = {Using proton NMR relaxometry in the kilohertz
	  frequency range, we study dynamics of 5CB liquid crystal molecules
	  dispersed in the form of spherical microdroplets in a PDLC
	  material. The focus of the study is the spin-lattice relaxation in
	  the rotating frame, T-1rho(-1), measured above the
	  nematic-isotropic transition T-NI. We show that the relaxation rate
	  T-1rho(-1) - when induced by uniform molecular translational
	  diffusion in a spherical cavity - depends on the strength of the
	  rotating magnetic field as T-1rho(-1) proportional to
	  omega(1)(-alpha) where alpha varies between 0.7 and 1, depending on
	  the thickness of the ordered surface layer. This relaxation
	  mechanism governs mainly the transverse spin relaxation, whereas
	  the measurements of the frequency and temperature dependence of
	  T-1rho(-1) indicate a strong effect of slowing-down of molecular
	  translational diffusion in contact with the polymer surface and
	  yield the average dwell-time of molecules at the surface of the
	  order 10(-5) s. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanZFVECZ02,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Zalar, B. and Fontecchio, A. K. and
	  Vilfan, M. and Escuti, M. J. and Crawford, G. P. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Deuteron NMR study of molecular ordering in a
	  holographic-polymer-dispersed liquid crystal},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2002},
	volume	    = {66},
	pages	    = {021710},
	abstract    = {Using deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and
	  dynamic light scattering, we study the orientational order and
	  dynamics of a BL038-5CB liquid-crystal mixture in a holographic
	  polymer dispersed liquid-crystal material (HPDLC) as used for
	  switchable diffractive optical elements. At high temperatures,
	  where the liquid crystal is predominantly in the isotropic phase,
	  the HPDLC deuteron NMR linewidth and transverse spin-relaxation
	  rate T-2(-1) are two orders of magnitude larger than in the bulk.
	  The analysis shows that the surface-induced order parameter in
	  HPDLC is significantly larger than in similar confining systems and
	  that translational diffusion of molecules in the surface layer is
	  at least two orders of magnitude slower than in the rest of the
	  cavity. The unusual temperature dependence of T-2(-1) upon cooling
	  suggests the possibility of a partial separation of the 5CB
	  component in the liquid-crystal mixture. The onset of the nematic
	  phase in HPDLC occurs at considerably lower temperature than in the
	  bulk and takes place gradually due to different sizes and different
	  content of non-liquid-crystalline ingredients in droplets. Parts of
	  the droplets are found isotropic even at room temperature and the
	  structure of the nematic director field in the droplets is only
	  slightly anisotropic. We point out the capability of NMR to detect
	  the actual state of liquid-crystalline order in HPDLCs and to
	  contribute in this way to the improvement of the switching
	  efficiency of diffraction gratings. C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana
	  1000, Slovenia.
	  Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
	  Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanC02,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Copic, M.},
	title	    = {Temperature dependence of azimuthal anchoring strength
	  measured by dynamic light scattering},
	journal     = {Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst.},
	year	    = {2002},
	volume	    = {375},
	pages	    = {155-164},
	abstract    = {Temperature dependence of the azimuthal anchoring
	  energy coefficient of the nematic 5CB on rubbed Nylon is studied
	  using the dynamic light scattering experiment. The method is based
	  on observations of director fluctuations in a planarly aligned
	  nematic liquid crystal cell. The fluctuation relaxation rate
	  depends not only on cell thickness, but also on the surface
	  anchoring strength. Thus, by measuring relaxation times in a wedge
	  cell, the anchoring energy coefficient can be obtained without any
	  external torques acting on the liquid crystal. We measured the
	  anchoring strength in a broad temperature range and found that the
	  anchoring decreases steadily when approaching the nematic to
	  isotropic transition. A comparison with existing theoretical models
	  is made and an excellent agreement with the mean-field model is
	  observed even in the vicinity of the N-I transition.
	  C1 J Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{AlthoffFVSSVMK02,
	author	    = {Althoff, G. and Frezzato, D. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Stauch, O. and Schubert, R. and Vilfan, I. and Moro, G. J. and
	  Kothe, G.},
	title	    = {Transverse nuclear spin relaxation studies of
	  viscoelastic properties of membrane vesicles. I. Theory},
	journal     = {J. Phys. Chem. B},
	year	    = {2002},
	volume	    = {106},
	pages	    = {5506-5516},
	abstract    = {Transverse nuclear spin relaxation measurements
	  employing Carr-Purcell (CP) pulse sequences can provide detailed
	  information on the slow-motional dynamics in biomembranes. In this
	  paper, a comprehensive relaxation model is developed for the
	  analysis of such experiments performed on unilamellar
	  quasi-spherical vesicles. The basis of the model is the stochastic
	  Liouville equation in which two different relaxation processes are
	  considered (i.e., vesicle shape fluctuations and molecular
	  translational diffusion ). It is shown that for vesicle radii R-0
	  greater than or equal to 200 nm, translational diffusion of the
	  lipid molecules along the vesicle shell is too slow to contribute
	  significantly to transverse spin relaxation in the kHz range,
	  whereas vesicle shape fluctuations constitute the dominant
	  transverse relaxation process. The theory is employed in model
	  calculations for pulse frequency-dependent transverse IT nuclear
	  spin relaxation rates, R-2,infinity(CP)(omega), from CP sequences.
	  The analysis reveals that CP R-2,infinity(CP)(omega), induced by
	  vesicle fluctuations, depends linearly on omega(-1) over a wide
	  frequency range in the kHz regime. Notably, within this linear
	  dispersion regime, the bending elastic modulus k,: is the only
	  relevant parameter because the magnitude of R-2infinity(CP)(omega)
	  does not depend on the size of the vesicle R-0, the effective
	  Lateral tension c, or the viscosity of the surrounding fluid q. On
	  the other hand, R-0, sigma, eta, and k determine the frequency at
	  which R-2infinity(CP)(omega) levels off to a constant "plateau"
	  value independent of omega. Thus, analysis of the
	  R-2infinity(CP)(omega) dispersion profiles is a direct way to
	  determine the bending elastic modulus and other viscoelastic
	  parameters of membrane vesicles.
	  C1 Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Univ
	  Padua, Dept Phys Chem, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
	  Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  Univ Freiburg, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.}
}

@ARTICLE{AlthoffSVFMHSK02,
	author	    = {Althoff, G. and Stauch, O. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Frezzato, D. and Moro, G. J. and Hauser, P. and Schubert, R. and
	  Kothe, G.},
	title	    = {Transverse nuclear spin relaxation studies of
	  viscoelastic properties of membrane vesicles. II. Experimental
	  results},
	journal     = {J. Phys. Chem. B},
	year	    = {2002},
	volume	    = {106},
	pages	    = {5517-5526},
	abstract    = {Transverse nuclear spin relaxation measurements
	  employing Carr-Purcell (CP) pulse sequences have been used to
	  determine the viscoelastic properties of quasi-spherical membrane
	  vesicles with controlled radii Ro. CP The observed relaxation
	  rates, R-2infinity(CP) (omega), exhibit a linear dependence on the
	  inverse pulse frequency over a wide frequency range in the kHz
	  regime znd then level off to a constant "plateau" value independent
	  of omega. Within the linear dispersion regime, the same relaxation
	  rates are detected for unilamellar and oligolamellar vesicles,
	  indicating that the interbilayer coupling is weak and has no effect
	  on the measured relaxation curves. Analysis of the experimental
	  dispersion profiles is performed using a slow-motional model in
	  which two different relaxation processes are considered (i.e.,
	  vesicle shape fluctuations and molecular translational diffusion).
	  It is shown that for vesicle radii R-0 greater than or equal to 200
	  nm lateral diffusion across the vesicle shell is too slow to
	  contribute significantly to transverse spin relaxation in the kHz
	  range. Rather, vesicle shape fluctuations constitute the dominant
	  transverse relaxation process. Model calculations reveal that
	  R-2infinity(CP)(omega), induced by 2 vesicle fluctuations, depends
	  linearly on omega(-1) over a wide frequency range in the kHz
	  regime. Notably, within this linear dispersion regime, the bending
	  elastic modulus ic is the only relevant parameter because the
	  magnitude CP of R-2infinity(CPapproximate to) (w) does not depend
	  on R0, the effective lateral tension a, and the viscosity of the
	  surrounding fluid 17. CP On the other hand, R0, cr, q, and K
	  determ:1ne the frequency at which R2 (w) levels off to a constant
	  plateau value. Thus, analysis of the linear dispersion regime is a
	  direct way to determine the bending rigidity K. For the studied
	  DMPC and DMPC/cholesterol vesicles, the K values vary from (1.5 z:L
	  0.1) X 10-20 J to (8.3 0.1) x 10-20 J. From the plateau in the
	  exp-: rimental dispersion profiles, values for the effective
	  lateral tension of a = 3 I and 4 I have been extracted. It appears
	  that transverse NMR relaxation involving CP sequences represents a
	  powerful tool for the study of the viscoelastic properties of
	  membrane vesicles.
	  C1 Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Univ
	  Freiburg, Dept Pharmaceut Technol, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Jozef
	  Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  Univ Padua, Dept Phys Chem, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanMC02,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Mertelj, A. and Copic, M.},
	title	    = {Dynamic light scattering measurements of azimuthal and
	  zenithal anchoring of nematic liquid crystals},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2002},
	volume	    = {65},
	pages	    = {041712},
	abstract    = {Dynamic light scattering is used to obtain the
	  anchoring energy coefficients of nematic liquid crystal
	  (4-n-pentyl-4(')-cyanobiphenyl) on rubbed nylon and photoactive
	  poly-(vinyl-cinnamate). The anchoring coefficients are determined
	  by measuring the relaxation time of the fundamental director
	  fluctuation mode in a homogeneously aligned wedge cell as a
	  function of cell thickness. The method is nonperturbative as no
	  external torque is applied to the liquid crystal during the
	  measurement. We show that by using two different scattering
	  geometries, both azimuthal and zenithal anchoring energy
	  coefficients can be measured on the same sample. The obtained
	  zenithal anchoring coefficient is found to be, in contrast to
	  previously reported results, approximately only two times larger
	  than the azimuthal one. The effect of higher order fluctuation
	  modes on the detected autocorrelation function is in good agreement
	  with numerical calculations. C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000
	  Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{CarvalhoSRNV01,
	author	    = {Carvalho, A. and Sebastiao, P. J. and Ribeiro, A. C.
	  and Nguyen, H. T. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Molecular dynamics in tilted bilayer smectic phases: A
	  proton nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry study},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {2001},
	volume	    = {115},
	pages	    = {10484-10492},
	abstract    = {A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation
	  study of molecular dynamics in the liquid crystal 4-octylphenyl
	  2-chloro-4-(4-cyanobenzoyloxy)benzoate (DB8Cl) is presented. DB8Cl
	  molecules possess a strong polar terminal group and form, in
	  addition to the nematic phase, three different smectic phases:
	  bilayer smectic A, bilayer smectic C, and anticliniclike smectic C
	  phase. The proton spin-lattice relaxation times were measured in
	  all mesophases over a broad frequency range of six decades by
	  applying conventional and fast field-cycling NMR techniques. The
	  parameters obtained in the analysis of the experimental data give
	  quantitative information on molecular motions, particularly for the
	  tilted smectic phases of DB8Cl. In contrast to former conjectures,
	  we found that the low-frequency relaxation in the bilayer smectic C
	  phases results from director fluctuations about the layer normal,
	  which occur without distortion of the layers, and from layer
	  undulations, similar to those in the smectic A phase. In the
	  low-temperature bilayer smectic C phase, a considerable
	  slowing-down of molecular translational diffusion is observed. It
	  confirms indirectly the anticlinic character of this mesophase.
	  Measurements of angular dependence of the relaxation times at 60
	  MHz support the conclusions obtained from the frequency dispersion
	  data. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.
	  C1 Ctr Fis Mat Condensada, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. Inst Super
	  Tecn, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
	  Escola Super Tecnol Saude Lisboa, P-1700256 Lisbon, Portugal. CNRS,
	  Ctr Rech Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France.
	  Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanAVK01,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Althoff, G. and Vilfan, I. and Kothe,
	  G.},
	title	    = {Nuclear-spin relaxation induced by shape fluctuations
	  in membrane vesicles},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2001},
	volume	    = {6402},
	pages	    = {022902},
	abstract    = {Nuclear-spin relaxation rates resulting from shape
	  fluctuations of unilamellar quasispherical vesicles are calculated.
	  We show that in the kHz range these fluctuations yield-in contrast
	  to previous conclusions on planar membranes - a relaxation rate
	  proportional to the inverse Larmor frequency and provide direct
	  information on the bending rigidity of membranes.
	  C1 J Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanAGZLZHBA01,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Apih, T. and Gregorovic, A. and Zalar,
	  B. and Lahajnar, G. and Zumer, S. and Hinze, G. and Bohmer, R. and
	  Althoff, G.},
	title	    = {Surface-induced order and diffusion in 5CB liquid
	  crystal confined to porous glass},
	journal     = {Magn. Reson. Imaging},
	year	    = {2001},
	volume	    = {19},
	pages	    = {433-438},
	abstract    = {Liquid crystals confined into small cavities art:
	  known to have a weak orientational order even above the
	  nematic-isotropic transition temperature. The surface-induced order
	  and molecular dynamics in this temperature range are studied with
	  the aid of deuteron NMR spectra, spin relaxation times T-1 and T-2.
	  proton dipolar-correlation effect, and direct measurements of the
	  effective diffusion coefficient for the liquid crystal 5CB confined
	  to controlled-pore glasses. Our results show that an arrangement of
	  molecules parallel to the wall is induced by local molecular
	  interactions between the liquid crystal and solid, resulting in a
	  weak and temperature independent surface order parameter, S-0
	  similar to 0.02 +/- 0.01. There is no indication of a significant
	  slowing-down of molecular diffusion at the wall, neither rotational
	  nor translational. In cavities of nanometer size, where the nematic
	  order evolves gradually upon cooling, a broadening of the NMR
	  linewidths due to dynamic effects should be taken into account. (C)
	  2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
	  Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys Chem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanOMC01,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Olenik, I. D. and Mertelj, A. and
	  Copic, M.},
	title	    = {Aging of surface anchoring and surface viscosity of a
	  nematic liquid crystal on photoaligning poly-(vinyl-cinnamate)},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2001},
	volume	    = {63},
	pages	    = {061709},
	abstract    = {Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the
	  azimuthal anchoring energy coefficient W-phi of nematic liquid
	  crystal (5CB) on photoaligning poly-(vinyl-cinnamate) layer.
	  Measurements were repeated several times within two months. The
	  results show that W-phi increases in the first few days after
	  filling the cell with liquid crystal. Then it remains approximately
	  constant at W-phi = 5 x 10(-6) J/m(2) for at least two months.
	  Also, presence of very large effective surface viscosity is
	  observed. This phenomenon is of transient nature and attributed to
	  swelling and dissolving of photosensitive polymer into the liquid
	  crystal. which gives rise to an inhomogeneity of viscoelastic
	  properties. Numerical modeling of the fluctuation spectrum shows
	  that an inhomogeneous surface layer can account for the observed
	  effective surface viscosity.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanC00,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Copic, M.},
	title	    = {Comparison of dynamic and static measurements of
	  surface anchoring energy in nematic liquid crystals},
	journal     = {Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst.},
	year	    = {2000},
	volume	    = {351},
	pages	    = {419-426},
	abstract    = {We measured the surface anchoring energy of a nematic
	  liquid crystal by a dynamic light scattering experiment. A
	  homogeneously aligned wedge-type cell with rubbed Nylon as the
	  aligning layer and fined with the nematic 8CB was used. The
	  spectrum of orientational fluctuations in confined liquid crystal
	  depends not. only on its bulk elasticity and viscosity but also on
	  the surface anchoring energy. If the surface extrapolation length
	  is small compared to the sample thickness the relaxation time of
	  the fundamental mode is simply related to the inverse layer
	  thickness. Fitting this relation to the measured relaxation times
	  yields the azimuthal anchoring energy. The results are compared
	  with the ones obtained by static measurements in a twisted cell.
	  Here the surface anchoring energy is determined by the polarisation
	  rotation of a light beam passing through a nematic slab. We show
	  that the Values of the surface anchoring energy obtained with both
	  methods are in good agreement.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{ZiherlVVZOC00,
	author	    = {Ziherl, P. and Vilfan, M. and Vrbancic-Kopac, N. and
	  Zumer, S. and Ondris-Crawford, R. J. and Crawford, G. P.},
	title	    = {Substrate-induced order in the isotropic phase of a
	  smectogenic liquid crystal: A deuteron NMR study},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {2000},
	volume	    = {61},
	pages	    = {2792-2798},
	abstract    = {Using deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance, we study
	  the pretransitional wetting behavior of the smectogenic and
	  nematogenic liquid crystal 8CB in the isotropic phase confined to
	  200 nm diameter channels of Anopore membranes. The channels were
	  treated with aliphatic acid to impose homeotropic alignment. Just
	  above the nematic-isotropic transition we observe an enhanced line
	  splitting compared to non-smectogenic homologs such as 5CB;
	  moreover, the line splitting is characterized by a discontinuity of
	  its slope at approximately 5 K above the transition temperature.
	  This deviation from a purely nematic wetting scenario is attributed
	  to the substrate-stabilized smectic order within the wetting film,
	  which appears to be stimulated by the proximity of the smectic-A
	  phase: in 8CB, the smectic-ii-nematic transition occurs
	  approximately 7 K below the nematic-isotropic transition. We
	  interpret the data in terms of a semimicroscopic Landau-de Gennes
	  type model, which allows us to estimate the thickness of the
	  presmectic film-which consists of 2 bilayers-as well as the
	  parameters of the surface interaction and the effective
	  smectic-nematic coupling.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Univ
	  Massachusetts, Dept Phys, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. Brown Univ,
	  Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanVZC99,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Vrbancic-Kopac, N. and Ziherl, P. and
	  Crawford, G. P.},
	title	    = {Deuteron NMR relaxometry applied to confined liquid
	  crystals},
	journal     = {Appl. Magn. Reson.},
	year	    = {1999},
	volume	    = {17},
	pages	    = {329-344},
	abstract    = {We discuss the capability of deuteron nuclear magnetic
	  resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and relaxometry to reveal molecular
	  ordering and dynamics in confined liquid crystals. The attention is
	  focused on the high-temperature phase above the nematic-isotropic
	  transition, which is - in the absence of the long-range
	  orientational order - very suitable for the study of surface
	  interactions. Deuteron NMR spectra and relaxation rates are
	  presented for two representatives of confined liquid-crystal
	  systems: 8CB in cylindrical cavities of Anopore membranes and 5CB
	  with an embedded polymer network. A substantial increase in the
	  transverse spin relaxation rate, stimulated by the surface-induced
	  order in enclosures, has been observed. In cylindrical cavities, it
	  exhibits a strong temperature dependence on approaching the phase
	  transition, whereas in the polymer network dispersion it is
	  temperature-independent. The increase of T-2(-1) provides
	  information on the effect of spatial constraints on molecular
	  mobility and on the surface orientational order parameter. Using
	  deuteron relaxometry. one can measure the degree of orientational
	  order in the isotropic phase not only in cylindrical but also in
	  spherical cavities and enclosures of irregular shape, where the
	  standard approach based on quadrupolar splitting of the NMR
	  spectrum fails.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia. Brown Univ,
	  Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanVZZC99,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Vrbancic-Kopac, N. and Zalar, B. and
	  Zumer, S. and Crawford, G. P.},
	title	    = {Measurement of the surface-induced order in polymer
	  dispersed liquid crystals: An approach by NMR relaxometry},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {1999},
	volume	    = {59},
	pages	    = {R4754-R4757},
	abstract    = {A method based on NMR relaxometry is introduced to
	  study surface-induced order in the: isotropic phase of confined
	  liquid crystals. We show that the magnitude of the surface order
	  parameter S-0 can be obtained from an increase in the deuteron
	  transverse relaxation rate T-2(-1). The increase originates in the
	  molecular diffusion between the weakly ordered surface region and
	  disordered area in the rest of the cavity. No assumptions
	  concerning the residence lime of molecules at the surface are
	  needed. We apply the approach to a polymer dispersed liquid crystal
	  and find a temperature independent So of magnitude congruent to
	  0.08. This indicates that short range interactions at the interface
	  dominate the behavior of So, and that only a partial orientational
	  wetting occurs. [S1063-651X(99)51205-1]. C1 Jozef Stefan Inst,
	  Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
	  Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanMC98,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Musevic, I. and Copic, M.},
	title	    = {AFM observation of force on a dielectric sphere in the
	  evanescent field of totally reflected light},
	journal     = {Europhys. Lett.},
	year	    = {1998},
	volume	    = {43},
	pages	    = {41-46},
	abstract    = {We present the first direct measurement of the
	  radiation pressure force acting on a sphere in the evanescent field
	  of a totally reflected light beam using the atomic force microscope
	  (AFM). A dielectric sphere was attached to the AFM cantilever and
	  placed into the evanescent light field of the Ar-laser beam
	  illuminating a sapphire prism surface at an angle larger than the
	  critical. A repulsive force due to the evanescent field was
	  observed. The force decreases exponentially with the characteristic
	  length of (45 +/- 20) nm as the distance between the sphere and the
	  total reflection surface increases. The measured magnitude of the
	  force close to the surface is (3 +/- 1.5) 10(-10) N. Both the
	  magnitude and the decay length are in good agreement with the
	  calculated values.
	  C1 Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
	  Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia.}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerZV97,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Ziherl, P. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Dynamics of microconfined nematic liquid crystals and
	  related NMR studies},
	journal     = {Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect. A-Mol.
	  Cryst. Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1997},
	volume	    = {292},
	pages	    = {39-59},
	abstract    = {Different types of molecular motion in confined
	  nematic liquid crystals are briefly discussed with emphasis on
	  their detectability by methods of nuclear magnetic resonance and
	  relaxation. The review is illustrated by some recent experimental
	  and theoretical results in this field. C1 UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF
	  STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 1111,SLOVENIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{JarhV97,
	author	    = {Jarh, O. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {A note on proton cross-relaxation in polymer dispersed
	  liquid crystals},
	journal     = {Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1997},
	volume	    = {22},
	pages	    = {61-64},
	abstract    = {Measurements of the proton cross-relaxation rate in
	  the polymer dispersed 4'-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) droplets were
	  performed by the selective magnetization inversion NMR technique.
	  This method makes possible direct determination of the magnitude of
	  the fast cross-relaxation rate in the MHz regime where the standard
	  spin-lattice relaxation measurements only indicate its presence. In
	  the isotropic phase, the cross-relaxation rate is found to be more
	  than ten times larger in the droplets of pure 5CB than that
	  reported earlier for the liquid crystal mixture E7 in the same
	  polymer. The difference is discussed in terms of dynamic processes
	  in the surface layer. C1 UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA
	  1001,SLOVENIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{SchwarzeHallerNVC96,
	author	    = {SchwarzeHaller, D. and Noack, F. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Crawford, G. P.},
	title	    = {Nuclear magnetic resonance field-cycling proton
	  relaxation study of polymer dispersed liquid crystals},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1996},
	volume	    = {105},
	pages	    = {4823-4832},
	abstract    = {The frequency and temperature dependence of the
	  longitudinal proton relaxation time T-1 has been studied in liquid
	  crystal droplets embedded in a solid polymer matrix in the nematic
	  and isotropic phase over a broad Larmor frequency range (500 Hz
	  less than or equal to nu(L) less than or equal to 84 MHz) employing
	  the fast-field-cycling technique. The comparison of the droplet
	  data, bulk 5CB data, and the pure polymer data show that T-1 is
	  dominated by the cross relaxation at the liquid crystal-polymer
	  interface in the entire frequency range. In the low frequency range
	  (nu(L) less than or equal to 1 MHz), an additional relaxation
	  process determines T-1 in both phases, namely reorientations
	  mediated by translational replacements in the nematic phase and the
	  exchange relaxation in the isotropic phase. The analysis of the
	  cross relaxation rate k reveals that the simplified model of Vilfan
	  is only applicable in the nematic phase and leads to an anchoring
	  time tau(AS) of the molecules at the surface which is approximate
	  to 1.3x10(-4) s, This model, however, cannot be applied in the
	  isotropic phase, but must be extended by the spin diffusion time
	  tau(p), which in this case determines the cross relaxation rate.
	  The anchoring time tau(AS), which in the isotropic phase
	  corresponds to the correlation time of the additional process, is
	  much shorter than in the nematic phase, namely tau(AS)approximate
	  to 10(-6) s. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.
	  C1 UNIV STUTTGART,INST PHYS,D-70550 STUTTGART,GERMANY. UNIV
	  LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61111,SLOVENIA. KENT STATE
	  UNIV,INST LIQUID CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanLZZBCD95,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Lahajnar, G. and Zupancic, I. and
	  Zumer, S. and Blinc, R. and Crawford, G. P. and Doane, J. W.},
	title	    = {Dynamics of a nematic liquid-crystal constrained by a
	  polymer network - a proton nmr-study},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1995},
	volume	    = {103},
	pages	    = {8726-8733},
	abstract    = {We report on the proton spin-lattice relaxation
	  measurements in the isotropic and nematic phases of the liquid
	  crystal 4'-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB), constrained by a
	  low-concentration polymer network. Above the nematic-isotropic
	  transition, a relatively small impact of the network in the MHz
	  regime and a huge increase in the relaxation rate in the kHz regime
	  are explained consistently by processes in the weakly
	  orientationally ordered surface layer. A dynamic process with the
	  correlation time similar to 4X10(-6) s is detected. The
	  orientational order parameter in the surface layer is found to be
	  almost temperature independent, and is estimated as S-0 similar to
	  0.1. The large internal surface-to-volume ratio of the liquid
	  crystal in the dispersion, required for the explanation of
	  experimental data, supports the simplified model which envisions
	  the network elements as tiny fibers with nanometer radius.
	  Comparison between. NMR and optical data reveals mutual cross
	  linking of the fibers. Measurements of the molecular self-diffusion
	  constant indicate that fibers are distributed inhomogeneously on
	  the submicrometer scale. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics.
	  C1 KENT STATE UNIV,INST LIQUID CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242.}
}

@ARTICLE{ZiherlVZ95,
	author	    = {Ziherl, P. and Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Nematic order director fluctuations and nuclear
	  magnetic-relaxation of a confined liquid-crystal},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {1995},
	volume	    = {52},
	pages	    = {690-701},
	abstract    = {The dynamics of order director fluctuations of a
	  nematic liquid crystal confined to microcavities is studied within
	  the Frank elastic theory. For cylindrical capillary and rectangular
	  model cavities, constrained in one, two, and three spatial
	  dimensions, mutually perpendicular components of fluctuations are
	  expanded in terms of eigenfunctions of the Landau-Khalatnikov type
	  relaxation equation. The calculated dispersion of the director
	  fluctuations' spin-lattice relaxation rates exhibits weak
	  dependence on the nematic structure and the confining geometry,
	  unless the size of the cavity is close to the critical value at
	  which the structural transition is expected. In the latter case,
	  the low-frequency behavior of the relaxation rate is dominated by
	  the slowest fluctuations' modes. On the other hand, the angular
	  dependence of the relaxation rate is sensitive to details of the
	  nematic structure in the cavity in the whole frequency range.
	  C1 UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61111,SLOVENIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{ReimerHSMKV94,
	author	    = {Reimer, D. and Heaton, N. and Schleicher, A. and
	  Muller, K. and Kothe, G. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Transverse deuteron spin relaxation studies of a
	  smectic liquid-crystal polymer - local motions, order director
	  fluctuations, and the glass-transition process},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1994},
	volume	    = {100},
	pages	    = {1693-1707},
	abstract    = {Molecular dynamics of a main chain thermotropic liquid
	  crystal polymer in the smectic A phase has been investigated using
	  multipulse dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques.
	  Transverse deuteron spin relaxation times T-2E(CP) from quadrupole
	  echo pulse trains (modified Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence)
	  measured for deuterons in the aromatic rings of the mesogenic units
	  are obtained as a function of pulse spacing tau sample orientation
	  theta(n), and temperature. Just below the nematic-smectic A phase
	  transition, the relaxation times exhibit a linear dispersion regime
	  T-2E(CP) similar to tau(-1) consistent with smectic director
	  fluctuations. At lower temperatures, the dispersion step gradually
	  disappears, indicating that faster molecular motions are the
	  dominant transverse relaxation process. The observed anisotropy in
	  T-2E(CP), measured at short pulse spacings, approximately follows
	  the (sin(4) theta(N))(-1) dependence expected for axial diffusion
	  in a highly ordered medium. Analysis of the experiments is achieved
	  employing a density operator treatment based on the stochastic
	  Liouville equation. The intramolecular motion is identified with
	  phenyl ring flips and is the fastest process studied, with
	  correlation times varying from 10(-10) to 10(-7) s over the
	  temperature range investigated. Intermolecular (individual
	  molecule) dynamics are somewhat slower and have been interpreted as
	  rotational diffusion in an orienting potential. The correlation
	  times for intermolecular motion exhibit non-Arrhenius behavior
	  approaching the glass transition, following a temperature
	  dependence described by the Williams-Landel-Ferry equation over six
	  orders of magnitude. This result indicates a strong coupling of the
	  intermolecular motion to the glass transition process. The slowest
	  motion affecting transverse deuteron spin relaxation is assigned to
	  smectic director fluctuations or undulation waves. Analysis of the
	  T-2E(CP) dispersion yields information concerning the viscoelastic
	  properties of the polymer. At T=418 K, a splay elastic constant of
	  K-1=2 X 10(-11)N has been estimated. Using the experimentally
	  accessible value for the long wavelength cutoff of the elastic
	  modes, the root mean square fluctuation (theta(0)(2))(1/2) of the
	  director is calculated to be 4 degrees.
	  C1 UNIV STUTTGART,INST PHYS CHEM,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. UNIV
	  LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA,SLOVENIA.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{OndriscrawfordCDZVV93,
	author	    = {Ondriscrawford, R. J. and Crawford, G. P. and Doane,
	  J. W. and Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M. and Vilfan, I.},
	title	    = {Surface molecular anchoring in microconfined
	  liquid-crystals near the nematic smectic-a transition},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {1993},
	volume	    = {48},
	pages	    = {1998-2005},
	abstract    = {The effect of the diverging bend elastic constant,
	  K33, on the nematic director field of 4'-octyl-cyanobiphenyl (8CB)
	  in submicrometer cylindrical cavities in a polycarbonate matrix, as
	  the nematic-smetic-A phase transition is approached, is
	  investigated with deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance (H-2-NMR).
	  The H-2-NMR spectra and the use of Frank elastic theory enable us
	  to monitor the actual surface anchoring angle profile, determine
	  the density of point defects in the escaped structure, and estimate
	  the anchoring strength to be W(theta)=7X10(-4) J/m2, which is
	  temperature independent. The large value of W(theta) and the lack
	  of evidence for pretransitional smectic layering in our NMR spectra
	  show that although the orientational anchoring is strong, the
	  polycarbonate surface is too rough to induce substantial surface
	  smectic order in the nematic phase. The saddle-splay elastic
	  constant K24 for 8CB is estimated to be larger than the elastic
	  constant K11. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242.
	  UNIV LJUBLJANA,J STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61111,SLOVENIA. UNIV
	  LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{KraljLZVVBK93,
	author	    = {Kralj, S. and Lahajnar, G. and Zidansek, A. and
	  Vrbancickopac, N. and Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and Kosec, M.},
	title	    = {Deuterium nmr of a pentylcyanobiphenyl liquid-crystal
	  confined in a silica aerogel matrix},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. E},
	year	    = {1993},
	volume	    = {48},
	pages	    = {340-349},
	abstract    = {The temperature dependence of the deuterium NMR line
	  shape was studied in a pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) nematic liquid
	  crystal embedded into lecithin-treated and nontreated
	  continuous-pore silica aerogel matrices. In the lecithin-treated
	  matrix the temperature dependence of the NMR absorption spectra of
	  5CB exhibits a pronounced first-order nematic-isotropic transition,
	  while in the nontreated matrix only a weak discontinuity was found.
	  The observed almost continuous onset of nematic ordering in the
	  latter case appears to be due to the spread of
	  nematic-isotropic-transition temperatures T(NI) in different
	  aerogel cavities. In the isotropic phase of 5CB a surface ordering
	  effect of the silica aerogel matrix was observed and the surface
	  order parameter was estimated to be S0=0.02+/-0.01. The surface
	  anchoring of the 5CB molecules is much stronger in the case of a
	  nontreated matrix than in the lecithin-treated one.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{VrbancicVBDCD93,
	author	    = {Vrbancic, N. and Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and
	  Dolinsek, J. and Crawford, G. P. and Doane, J. W.},
	title	    = {Deuteron spin relaxation and molecular-dynamics of a
	  nematic liquid-crystal (5cb) in cylindrical microcavities},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1993},
	volume	    = {98},
	pages	    = {3540-3547},
	abstract    = {Spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times of
	  deuterium nuclei have been measured for a nematic liquid crystal
	  confined in cylindrical channels of diameter 0.2 mum. In the
	  isotropic phase the relaxation in the MHz regime is not affected by
	  the confinement. The possibility of rotating the cylinders with
	  respect to the magnetic field enables the first direct measurements
	  of the anisotropy of deuteron relaxation of a monomeric liquid
	  crystal in the nematic phase. The observed temperature dependence
	  of the spin-spin relaxation rate in the isotropic phase roughly
	  obeys the (T - T*)-1 law and allows the determination of the
	  average time the molecules reside at the wall, which is 5 X 10(-5)
	  s for 5CB at the lecithin coated surfaces. In the nematic phase the
	  spin-spin relaxation rate is affected by order director
	  fluctuations and rotation induced by translational diffusion at
	  orientations with a nonhomogeneous director distribution with
	  respect to the magnetic field. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,INST LIQUID
	  CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242.}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanZ92,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Phase-transitions in microconfined nematic
	  liquid-crystals},
	journal     = {Croat. Chem. Acta},
	year	    = {1992},
	volume	    = {65},
	pages	    = {327-344},
	abstract    = {A brief review of stable phases and phase transitions
	  in microconfined nematic liquid crystals is given. The effects of
	  confinement are studied for the cavities of spherical and
	  cylindrical shape with different surface-liquid crystal
	  interactions. The phase transitions are either of order-disorder
	  type where the magnitude of orientational ordering changes or of
	  the structural type between different configurations of the nematic
	  director field.
	  C1 EDVARD KARDELJ UNIV,DEPT PHYS,YU-61000 LJUBLJANA,YUGOSLAVIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{SebastiaoGRGV92,
	author	    = {Sebastiao, P. J. and Godinho, M. H. and Ribeiro, A. C.
	  and Guillon, D. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Nmr-study of molecular-dynamics in a mixture of 2
	  polar liquid-crystals (cbooa and dobca)},
	journal     = {Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1992},
	volume	    = {11},
	pages	    = {621-635},
	abstract    = {A mixture containing 70 per cent
	  4-cyanobenzylidene-4'-n-octylaniline (CBOOA) and 30 per cent
	  4-n-dodeciloxybenzylidene-4'-cyanoaniline (DOBCA) has been studied
	  by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray
	  diffraction and, primarily, by NMR spectroscopy. The smectic phase
	  of the mixture is a partial bilayer smectic A phase (S(Ad)), in
	  which about one half of the molecules are associated in pairs
	  through their polar cyano end groups. The molecular dynamics in the
	  smectic A(d) phase of the mixture was studied by proton
	  spin-lattice relaxation. Self-diffusion and
	  rotations/reorientations were found to be essential relaxation
	  mechanisms while the contribution of the order director
	  fluctuations seems to be very small in all frequency regions. The
	  correlation times associated with the molecular rotational motion
	  around the short molecular axis, tau(S) are of the order 10(-10)s
	  and the ratio tau(S)/tau(L) almost-equal-to 6.2. The translational
	  diffusion coefficients D(perpendicular-to) are of the order 10(-11)
	  m2 s-1. The possible contribution to the relaxation rate of an
	  additional relaxation mechanism associated with the dissociation
	  and recombination of molecules in dimers within the smectic layers
	  is also analysed.
	  C1 INST NACL INVEST CIENTIF,CTR FIS MAT CONDENSADA,AV PROF GAMA
	  PINTO 2,P-1699 LISBON,PORTUGAL. UNIV STRASBOURG 1,CNRS,ECOLE
	  APPLICAT HAUTS POLYMERES,CTR RECH MACROMOLEC,F-67083
	  STRASBOURG,FRANCE. EDVARD KARDELJ UNIV,J STEFAN INST,YU-61000
	  LJUBLJANA,YUGOSLAVIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{FigueirinhasCRNV91,
	author	    = {Figueirinhas, J. L. and Cruz, C. and Ribeiro, A. C.
	  and Nguyen, H. T. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Study of molecular-dynamics in the hexatic s-f phase
	  of tbda - comparison with results from the crystal s-g and the s-c
	  phases},
	journal     = {Mol Cryst Liquid Cryst},
	year	    = {1991},
	volume	    = {206},
	pages	    = {45-53},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{CrawfordADVV91,
	author	    = {Crawford, G. P. and Allender, D. W. and Doane, J. W.
	  and Vilfan, M. and Vilfan, I.},
	title	    = {Finite molecular anchoring in the escaped-radial
	  nematic configuration - a h-2-nmr study},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1991},
	volume	    = {44},
	pages	    = {2570-2577},
	abstract    = {The director-field configuration of a nematic liquid
	  crystal confined to cylindrical cavities of polycarbonate Nuclepore
	  membranes ranging from 0.3 to 0.05-mu-m in radius is determined
	  using deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (H-2 NMR).  Spectral
	  patterns from cavities of radius 0.3-mu-m reveal the escaped-radial
	  configuration with singular point defects, but as the cylinder size
	  is decreased, the elastic energy imposed by the curvature of the
	  confining walls competes with the anchoring energy to tilt the
	  directors away from their preferred perpendicular anchoring
	  direction, preventing the expected transition to the planar-radial
	  configuration.  A surface fitting parameter is directly determined
	  by simulating H-2-NMR line shapes, and by studying a series of
	  samples with different radii, the molecular-anchoring strength W0
	  and surface elastic constant K24 are extracted. C1 KENT STATE
	  UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242.
	  EDVARD KARDELJ UNIV,J STEFAN INST,YU-61111 LJUBLJANA,YUGOSLAVIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{DolinsekJVZBDC91,
	author	    = {Dolinsek, J. and Jarh, O. and Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.
	  and Blinc, R. and Doane, J. W. and Crawford, G.},
	title	    = {2-dimensional deuteron nuclear-magnetic-resonance of a
	  polymer dispersed nematic liquid-crystal},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1991},
	volume	    = {95},
	pages	    = {2154-2161},
	abstract    = {The two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
	  spectra and relaxation rates of polymer dispersed
	  4'-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl droplets deuterated in the beta position
	  of the hydrocarbon chain have been measured in the isotropic and
	  nematic phases.  A typical Pake power line shape pattern
	  characteristic for a system of "bipolar" droplets with a random
	  distribution of their symmetry axes in the external magnetic field
	  has been found in the omega-2 domain whereas the homogeneous
	  linewidth was observed in the omega-1 domain.  The existence of a
	  weakly orientationally ordered surface layer above the
	  nematic-isotropic transition has been demonstrated.  Whereas the
	  deuteron T1/T2 congruent-to 4.3 in the isotropic phase, T1/T2
	  congruent-to 188 in the nematic phase for confined droplets.	This
	  effect, which is absent in the bulk, shows that T2 is here mainly
	  determined by translationally induced rotation in the nonuniformly
	  oriented director field inside the cavity.  T1, on the other hand,
	  is determined by the slowing down of local molecular reorientations
	  at the surface of the confined droplet as well as by local
	  molecular fluctuations and rotations within the randomly oriented
	  droplets. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,INST LIQUID CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242.}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanVZ91,
	author	    = {Vilfan, I. and Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Defect structures of nematic liquid-crystals in
	  cylindrical cavities},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1991},
	volume	    = {43},
	pages	    = {6875-6880},
	abstract    = {Equilibrium axial-radial director fields of a nematic
	  liquid crystal confined to micrometer cylindrical cavities are
	  examined in the approximation of one elastic constant K and
	  spatially homogeneous nematic order parameter.  It is shown that,
	  in the strong-anchoring regime with homeotropic boundary
	  conditions, a metastable partially escaped domain structure with an
	  array of alternating radial and hyperbolic point defects is locked
	  in.  It can be unstable for very small domain sizes (length less
	  than or approximately equal to 0.25 times the radius), where the
	  two adjacent defects annihilate and thus increase the domain size. 
	  Furthermore, it is unstable for larger domain sizes (length greater
	  than or approximately equal to R) if the surface anchoring strength
	  is weaker (w0 less-than-or-similar-to 5K/R). Here, the radial
	  defects disappear and transform into axial domain walls while the
	  hyperbolic defects remain unchanged.	The corresponding phase
	  diagram is presented.
	  C1 EDVARD KARDELJ UNIV,DEPT PHYS,YU-61000 LJUBLJANA,YUGOSLAVIA.}
}

@ARTICLE{CrawfordVDV91,
	author	    = {Crawford, G. P. and Vilfan, M. and Doane, J. W. and
	  Vilfan, I.},
	title	    = {Escaped-radial nematic configuration in
	  submicrometer-size cylindrical cavities - deuterium nmr-study},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1991},
	volume	    = {43},
	pages	    = {835-842},
	abstract    = {Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (H-2 NMR) is used
	  to extend studies of confined nematic structures to
	  submicrometer-size cavities. Spectral patterns reveal the
	  escaped-radial configuration in untreated cylindrical cavities of
	  Nuclepore filters.  This configuration is found to survive in pore
	  sizes as small as 0.2-mu-m in radius.  Singular point defects are
	  found to be present along the escape axis with the density of the
	  defects being determined from the H-2 NMR spectra.  This density is
	  found to be unaffected by cycling between the nematic and isotropic
	  phases with or without the presence of an applied magnetic field.
	  C1 KENT STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242.
	  J STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA,YUGOSLAVIA.
	  }
}

@ARTICLE{KraljVZ89,
	author	    = {Kralj, S. and Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Proton nmr lineshape in nematic microdroplets},
	journal     = {Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1989},
	volume	    = {5},
	pages	    = {1489-1495},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerKV89,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Kralj, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Nuclear magnetic-relaxation in small nematic droplets
	  induced by molecular self-diffusion},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1989},
	volume	    = {91},
	pages	    = {6411-6420},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanVZ89,
	author	    = {Vilfan, I. and Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Orientational order in bipolar nematic microdroplets
	  close to the phase-transition},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1989},
	volume	    = {40},
	pages	    = {4724-4730},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{BenderNVB89,
	author	    = {Bender, H. and Noack, F. and Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R.},
	title	    = {A proton spin relaxation study of ferroelectric
	  liquid-crystals},
	journal     = {Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1989},
	volume	    = {5},
	pages	    = {1233-1242},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{RibeiroSV88,
	author	    = {Ribeiro, A. C. and Sebastiao, P. J. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Proton spin-lattice relaxation study of a partial
	  bilayer smectic-a phase},
	journal     = {Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1988},
	volume	    = {3},
	pages	    = {937-945},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerVV88,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M. and Vilfan, I.},
	title	    = {Confinement of a liquid-crystal to small droplets and
	  its effect on nuclear magnetic-relaxation},
	journal     = {Liq. Cryst.},
	year	    = {1988},
	volume	    = {3},
	pages	    = {947-956},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanRZLBDG88,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Rutar, V. and Zumer, S. and Lahajnar,
	  G. and Blinc, R. and Doane, J. W. and Golemme, A.},
	title	    = {Proton spin-lattice relaxation in nematic
	  microdroplets},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1988},
	volume	    = {89},
	pages	    = {597-604},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanKB87,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Kogoj, M. and Blinc, R.},
	title	    = {Nuclear-spin relaxation due to order director
	  fluctuations in the smectic a-phase},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1987},
	volume	    = {86},
	pages	    = {1055-1060},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerV85,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {The effect of molecular self-diffusion on nmr
	  linewidth and relaxation in micellar lyotropic phases},
	journal     = {J Phys-Paris},
	year	    = {1985},
	volume	    = {46},
	pages	    = {1763-1772},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanLB84,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Lahajner, G. and Blinc, R.},
	title	    = {Proceedings of the 4th european conference on
	  liquid-crystals of low dimensional order and their applications,
	  march 26-30, 1984, bovec, yugoslavia .a. Preface},
	journal     = {Mol Cryst Liquid Cryst},
	year	    = {1984},
	volume	    = {113},
	pages	    = {R5-R6},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{LahajnarZVBR84,
	author	    = {Lahajnar, G. and Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M. and Blinc,
	  R. and Reeves, L. W.},
	title	    = {Pulsed gradient nmr diffusion study in lyotropic
	  nematics},
	journal     = {Mol Cryst Liquid Cryst},
	year	    = {1984},
	volume	    = {113},
	pages	    = {85-92},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanBR84,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and Rutar, V.},
	title	    = {Proton spin-lattice relaxation dispersion study of the
	  ferroelectric smectic phases in dobambc},
	journal     = {Mol Cryst Liquid Cryst},
	year	    = {1984},
	volume	    = {114},
	pages	    = {271-281},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerV83,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Nuclear-spin relaxation due to translational diffusion
	  in a hexatic-b and crystalline-b phase},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1983},
	volume	    = {28},
	pages	    = {3070-3079},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanBDILZ83,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and Dolinsek, J. and Ipavec,
	  M. and Lahajnar, G. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Dispersion of proton spin-lattice relaxation in a
	  cholesteric liquid-crystal},
	journal     = {J Phys-Paris},
	year	    = {1983},
	volume	    = {44},
	pages	    = {1179-1184},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{RutarBVZD82,
	author	    = {Rutar, V. and Blinc, R. and Vilfan, M. and Zann, A.
	  and Dubois, J. C.},
	title	    = {C-13 nmr-study of molecular ordering in a discotic
	  columnar mesophase},
	journal     = {J Phys-Paris},
	year	    = {1982},
	volume	    = {43},
	pages	    = {761-765},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanLRBTZD81,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Lahajnar, G. and Rutar, V. and Blinc,
	  R. and Topic, B. and Zann, A. and Dubois, J. C.},
	title	    = {Proton nmr-study of a discotic columnar mesophase},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1981},
	volume	    = {75},
	pages	    = {5250-5255},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerV81,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Disc-like liquid-crystals - molecular motions and
	  nuclear magnetic-relaxation},
	journal     = {Mol Cryst Liquid Cryst},
	year	    = {1981},
	volume	    = {70},
	pages	    = {1317-1334},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanSZB80,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Seliger, J. and Zagar, V. and Blinc,
	  R.},
	title	    = {N-14 nqr and h-1-nmr study of the smectic b-phase of
	  ibpbac},
	journal     = {Phys. Lett. A},
	year	    = {1980},
	volume	    = {79},
	pages	    = {186-188},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanBSZ80,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and Seliger, J. and Zagar,
	  V.},
	title	    = {Molecular orientational ordering in the smectic c-star
	  and h-star phases of chiral tbaca},
	journal     = {Ferroelectrics},
	year	    = {1980},
	volume	    = {24},
	pages	    = {211-214},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZupancicLVZ79,
	author	    = {Zupancic, I. and Lahajnar, G. and Vilfan, M. and
	  Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Nmr-study of adsorbed water in biomacromolecules},
	journal     = {Period Biol},
	year	    = {1979},
	volume	    = {81},
	pages	    = {668-668},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanZ80,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Zumer, S.},
	title	    = {Theory of nuclear-spin relaxation by translational
	  self-diffusion in liquid-crystals - smectic-a phase},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1980},
	volume	    = {21},
	pages	    = {672-680},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{BlincSVZ79,
	author	    = {Blinc, R. and Seliger, J. and Vilfan, M. and Zagar,
	  V.},
	title	    = {Temperature-dependence of orientational ordering in
	  the smectic-h and smectic-vi phases of tbba},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1979},
	volume	    = {70},
	pages	    = {778-783},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerV78B,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Translational diffusion in smectic liquid-crystals and
	  its effect on nuclear-spin relaxation},
	journal     = {J. Mol. Struct.},
	year	    = {1978},
	volume	    = {46},
	pages	    = {475-480},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{RutarVBB78,
	author	    = {Rutar, V. and Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and Bock, E.},
	title	    = {Deuteron spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms in
	  partially deuterated nematic mbba},
	journal     = {Mol. Phys.},
	year	    = {1978},
	volume	    = {35},
	pages	    = {721-728},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZumerV78A,
	author	    = {Zumer, S. and Vilfan, M.},
	title	    = {Theory of nuclear-spin relaxation by translational
	  self-diffusion liquid-crystals - nematic phase},
	journal     = {Phys. Rev. A},
	year	    = {1978},
	volume	    = {17},
	pages	    = {424-433},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{BlincVLSZ78,
	author	    = {Blinc, R. and Vilfan, M. and Luzar, M. and Seliger, J.
	  and Zagar, V.},
	title	    = {Spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms in smectic phases
	  of tbba},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1978},
	volume	    = {68},
	pages	    = {303-307},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{BlincLVB75,
	author	    = {Blinc, R. and Luzar, M. and Vilfan, M. and Burgar, M.},
	title	    = {Proton spin-lattice relaxation in smectic tbba},
	journal     = {J. Chem. Phys.},
	year	    = {1975},
	volume	    = {63},
	pages	    = {3445-3451},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{BlincVR75,
	author	    = {Blinc, R. and Vilfan, M. and Rutar, V.},
	title	    = {Nature of spin-lattice relaxation in nematic mbba},
	journal     = {Solid State Commun.},
	year	    = {1975},
	volume	    = {17},
	pages	    = {171-174},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{ZupancicVSSPPB73,
	author	    = {Zupancic, I. and Vilfan, M. and Sentjurc, M. and
	  Schara, M. and Pusnik, F. and Pirs, J. and Blinc, R.},
	title	    = {Liquid-crystal dynamics as studied by epr and nmr},
	journal     = {Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.},
	year	    = {1973},
	volume	    = {},
	pages	    = {124-124},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{VilfanBD72,
	author	    = {Vilfan, M. and Blinc, R. and Doane, J. W.},
	title	    = {Mechanisms for spin-lattice relaxation in nematic
	  liquid-crystals},
	journal     = {Solid State Commun.},
	year	    = {1972},
	volume	    = {11},
	pages	    = {1073-\&},
	abstract    = {}
}

@ARTICLE{BlincDPVZ71,
	author	    = {Blinc, R. and Dimic, V. and Pirs, J. and Vilfan, M.
	  and Zupancic, I.},
	title	    = {Self-diffusion in liquid crystals},
	journal     = {Mol Cryst Liquid Cryst},
	year	    = {1971},
	volume	    = {14},
	pages	    = {97-\&},
	abstract    = {}
}

